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Caveolae and caveosoms
Galica, Tomáš ; Černý, Jan (advisor) ; Forstová, Jitka (referee)
Caevolae are remarkably stable structures at the plasma membrane. They form specific domains distinct in lipid composition from the rest of plasma membrane. Many diverse functions are assigned to Caevolae. They play role in modulation of cellular surface, signalization and well regulated endocytosis. Caveosomes suppose to be large intracellular vesicular structures potentialy new membrane organels. They are derived from internalized caveolae. Tohether with caveolae they are proposed to form a separeted system of intracellular vesicles. However recent evidence suggests that caveolae can fuse with endosomes immediately after internalization. If this is true, then the system of vesicles derived from caveolae, including caveosomes, can be considered a regular component of endosomal system. Isolation of caveosomes from endosomes has been seen mainly in experiments where polyomavirus SV40 was used. Thus the question, if this isolation is not just a result of SV40 infection, arises. It has been shown recently that SV40 virus is capable of inducing caveosome-like structures even in the absence of caveolae. Consequently existence and properties of caveosomes are being questioned. The problem of high importance is the genesis of caveosomes and their existence in SV40 non-infected cells. In this thesis...
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Lipid rafts and their role in transmembrane signaling mediated by G protein-coupled receptors
Ševčíková, Adéla ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Funda, Jiří (referee)
Membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, known as lipid rafts and caveolae, contribute to many cellular processes including cholesterol homeostasis or lateral segregation of membrane proteins. This bachelor thesis describes the role of these membrane microdomains on transmembrane signaling mediated by G protein-coupled receptors. This is the most numerous and diverse family of receptors in mammalian cells that can affect a large number of physiological functions of the organism. A large amount of GPCR located in the membrane microdomains that concentrate specific signal components increase the variability of signaling. This issue is very complicated because the methods used to characterize these variable structures have limitations and each of the receptors exhibits specific behaviour. Key words: GPCRs, G proteins, lipid rafts, caveolae, transmembrane signaling
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Caveolae and caveosoms
Galica, Tomáš ; Forstová, Jitka (referee) ; Černý, Jan (advisor)
Caevolae are remarkably stable structures at the plasma membrane. They form specific domains distinct in lipid composition from the rest of plasma membrane. Many diverse functions are assigned to Caevolae. They play role in modulation of cellular surface, signalization and well regulated endocytosis. Caveosomes suppose to be large intracellular vesicular structures potentialy new membrane organels. They are derived from internalized caveolae. Tohether with caveolae they are proposed to form a separeted system of intracellular vesicles. However recent evidence suggests that caveolae can fuse with endosomes immediately after internalization. If this is true, then the system of vesicles derived from caveolae, including caveosomes, can be considered a regular component of endosomal system. Isolation of caveosomes from endosomes has been seen mainly in experiments where polyomavirus SV40 was used. Thus the question, if this isolation is not just a result of SV40 infection, arises. It has been shown recently that SV40 virus is capable of inducing caveosome-like structures even in the absence of caveolae. Consequently existence and properties of caveosomes are being questioned. The problem of high importance is the genesis of caveosomes and their existence in SV40 non-infected cells. In this thesis...
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